Clinical & Experimental Cardiology
Open Access
ISSN: 2155-9880
+44 1300 500008
ISSN: 2155-9880
+44 1300 500008
Irine Andronikashvili, Simonia G, Pantsulaia I, Nozadze P and Pantsulaia N
Tbilisi State Medical University, Georgia
Posters & Accepted Abstracts: J Clin Exp Cardiolog
Statement of the Problem: The majority of patients with hypertension have salt-sensitive form of disease, however little has
known about mechanisms of salt sensitivity. Salt sensitivity and circadian rhythm of blood pressure might be the keys for
understanding the connections between cardiovascular and renal complications. Proximal sodium reabsorption is considered
to be the key determinant of response of blood pressure to sodium intake. The purpose of study was to elucidate the role
of proximal sodium reabsorption in the development of salt-sensitivity and salt-sensitive hypertension, to find connections
between the cardiovascular and renal systems, with regard to the salt sensitivity and circadian rhythm of blood pressure (BP).
Material & Methods: Typing of normotensive subjects and hypertensive patients by salt-sensitivity test; assessment of proximal
sodium reabsorption in salt-resistant and salt-sensitive normotensive and hypertensive subjects; determination of circadian
rhythm of blood pressure in normotensive and hypertensive patients. A total of 140 middle aged (30-50 yrs.) subjects â?? 70
normotensives and 70 hypertensives of stage I essential hypertension (JNC VIII) were examined. All subjects were tested for
salt-sensitivity. Proximal sodium reabsorption was assessed by lithium clearance and its fractional excretion. Determination of
circadian rhythm of blood pressure was performed by 24-hr ambulatory blood pressure monitoring.
Findings: 25 healthy subjects had salt-sensitivity and 56 had salt-sensitive essential hypertension. Sodium proximal
reabsorption in salt-sensitive hypertension was significantly decreased compared to salt-sensitive normotensives (23.08?±0.55%
and 19.2?±0.40%, p<0.05). Study of circadian rhythms revealed significant (p <0.05) perversion of circadian rhythm in saltsensitive
subjects (both in normotensives and in having essential hypertension) compared to salt-resistant subjects.
Conclusions: The results of this study clarify interrelationship between main causative factors leading to salt-sensitivity:
inadequate proximal sodium reabsorption and specificities of blood pressure circadian rhythm.
Recent Publications
1. Guo Tong-Shuai, Dai Yi, Ren Ke-Yu Mu, Jian-Jun Ren, Jie Wang, Dan Wang, Yang Chu, ChaoLi, Yan Yuan and Zu-
Yi (2017) Effects of salt loading and potassium supplement on the circadian blood pressure profile in salt-sensitive
Chinese patients. Blood Pressure Monitoring 22:307â??313.
2. Isobeâ?Sasaki Y, Fukuda M and Ogiyama Y (2017) Sodium balance, circadian BP rhythm, heart rate variability, and
intrarenal reninâ??angiotensinâ??aldosterone and dopaminergic systems in acute phase of ARB therapy. Physiology
Reports 5(11):e13309.
3. Kimura G, Dohi Y and Fukuda M (2010) Salt sensitivity and circadian rhythm of blood pressure: the keys to connect
CKD with cardiovascular events. Hypertension Research 33:515â??520.
4. Nishimoto M and Fujita T (2015) Renal mechanisms of salt-sensitive hypertension: contribution of two steroid
receptor-associated pathways. American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 308(5):377-87.
5. Takeda N and Maemura K (2011) Circadian clock and cardiovascular disease. Journal of Cardiology 57:249â??256.