Journal of Clinical Toxicology
Open Access

Role of altered adult neurogenesis in manganese-induced Parkinsonian disorder

7^th Euro-Global Summit on Toxicology & Applied Pharmacology

October 24-26, 2016 Rome, Italy

Wei Zheng

Purdue University, USA

Keynote: J Clin Toxicol

Abstract :

Neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) in the adult sub-ventricular zone (SVZ) have the capability to self-renew and to migrate via the rostral migratory stream (RMS) to reach their final destination, the olfactory bulb (OB), where they mature and integrate into the local neuronal circuitry. Adult neurogenesis plays an important role in the etiology of neurodegenerative diseases. This study was designed to determine if exposure to toxic metal manganese (Mn) disturbed the proliferation, migration, survival and differentiation of NSPCs from SVZ via RMS to OB. Adult rats received a single ipdose of BrdU at the end of 4-wk Mn exposure to label proliferating cells. Immuno-staining and cell-counting showed a 48% increase of BrdU(+) cells in Mn-exposed SVZ than in controls (p<0.05). The BrdU(+) proliferating cells were identified as a mixed population of GFAP(+), Nestin(+) and DCX(+) cells, representing type-B neural stem cells, type-C transit progenitor cells, and migratory neuroblasts, respectively. Another group of adult rats received 3 daily ip-injections of BrdU followed by Mn exposure. By 4-wk post-BrdU labeling, most surviving BrdU(+) cells in the OB were differentiated into NeuN(+) matured neurons. However, survival rates of BrdU/NeuN/DAPI triple-labeled cells in the OB were 33% and 64% in Mn-exposed and control animals, respectively (p<0.01). These results suggest that Mn exposure initially enhances the cell proliferation in adult SVZ mainly by increasing type-B cells. In the OB, however, Mn exposure significantly reduces the surviving adult-born cells and markedly inhibits their differentiation into mature neurons, resulting in an overall decreased adult neurogenesis in the OB.

Biography :

Wei Zheng received his PhD from University of Arizona in Tucson. He was an Assistant Professor (1993-2000) and later Associate Professor (2000-2003) at Columbia University in New York City. He joined Purdue University in 2003 and became a Full Professor in 2006. He has been serving as the Head of School of Sciences since 2008. He has published one book, 161 peer-reviewed papers and more than 220 meeting proceedings and abstracts. He is a Fellow of the US Academy of Toxicological Sciences and a frequent Reviewer for NIH study sections and for more than 40 research journals.

Email: wzheng@purdue.edu