Clinical & Experimental Cardiology
Open Access
ISSN: 2155-9880
+44 1300 500008
ISSN: 2155-9880
+44 1300 500008
Toure Ali I, Idrissa S, Arzika M, Souley K, Aichatou M and Boncano O
Universite Abdou Moumouni, Nigeria
Posters & Accepted Abstracts: J Clin Exp Cardiology
Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the first cause of death worldwide and can be due to high level of life style risk factors as well as by those related to low socioeconomical conditions, infections and poverty. Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional and prospective study in pupils in eight primary schools in the area of Niamey in the academic year from October 2014 to June 2015 in order to determine the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases. We had examined clinically in all the eight schools, 5236 pupils were included: 6-16 years with 2743 girls (52.38%) and 2493 boys (47.62%) mean age 11 years +3.7. The age was determined on the birth certificate by a nurse. The size and weight were measured by nurse using Unicef height gauge and scales material type. The screening was done in two steps: A complete clinical exam to each pupil presenting symptoms of rheumatic arthritis fever or acardiac murmure (but excluding other causes of fever as malaria, thyphoid or any other tropical fever); peripheral vascular exam and blood pressure measured by a nurse on the left arm. A complete examination of the whole body in case of need was done by a physician; paraclinical exams as blood test, EKG done by a nurse and then X-ray and cardiac Echo was done by a physician. Diagnostic of rheumatic fever (RF) or rheumatic heart disease (RHD) was based on modified JONES criteria, clinical exam and cardiac echo. Results: We had 78 cases of cardiac disease (CD) with a mean prevalence of 14.89% (17.13% of girls, 12.43% of boys, p=0.043). The most exposed age group in both sexes was from 11-16 years (14.88%). The most frequent CD was RHD (48 cases, 9.16 %), congenital heart diseases (8 cases, 1.52%), severe anemia with cardiac murmure (22 cases, 4.20 %). The prevalence of high blood pressure correlated with age, weight and size were 7.2% and metabolic syndrome 14.6% (p=0.04). Conclusion: Preventive measures should be taken to prevent CVRF with educational and nutritional programs including all health professionals; particularly nurses, school educators and families at community level.
Email: pr_toure@yahoo.fr