Journal of Nutrition & Food Sciences
Open Access
ISSN: 2155-9600
+32 25889658
ISSN: 2155-9600
+32 25889658
Varadharaju N and Ganesan S
Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, India
Scientific Tracks Abstracts: J Nutr Food Sci
Statement of the Problem: Investigating the effect of parboiling on de-hulling process and cooking qualities of millets. Millet grains are considered to be one of the most important sources of dietary proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals and fiber for people all over the world. The nutrient composition of millets compares well with other cereals. The tiny "grain" is glutenfree and contains nutrients such as magnesium, calcium, manganese, tryptophan, phosphorus, fiber and antioxidants. Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: De-hulling of little millet (Panicum sumatrense) and foxtail millet (Setaria italic) is a cumbersome process since husk and bran layers are bound tightly on the endosperm and their removal needs a special treatment. To ease the milling process, these millets were subjected to hydrothermal treatment at different levels of soaking temperature (60, 70 and 800�ºC), soaking time (6, 7 and 8 h), steaming periods (10, 15 and 20 min), shade dried and milled in a centrifugal de-huller. The milled samples were analyzed for hulling efficiency, head rice recovery, degree of parboiling, hardness, color, cooking time, water up take and swelling index using standard procedures. Findings: Increase in hulling efficiency (20.8-26.5%) was recorded over control in little millet and foxtail millet (20.5â��25.3%) and the head rice recovery enhanced by 26.7% and 24.8% in little millet and foxtail millet respectively over the range of experiments conducted. The increase in temperature of soaking, soaking time and steaming period increased the degree of parboiling, hardness (30.8â��34.2 N in little millet and 32.6-34.5 N in foxtail millet) and cooking time (10.4-10.8 min) for both millets. Water uptake and swelling index decreased appreciably due to hydrothermal treatment. The treated samples were dark in colour compared to raw grains and the change in L*, a*, b* values were highly significant. Conclusion & Significance: The parboiling treatment increased the hulling efficiency and enhanced the head rice recovery in little millet and fox tail millet.
Varadharaju N, PhD, is having expertise in reducing the post-harvest losses in perishables, for which he has contributed and established a Food Processing Business Incubator at the Post Harvest Technology Centre, TNAU, Coimbatore. His contributions in the development of processing machinery are noteworthy to mention. He has operated three international and four national research projects. He was instrumental in design and development of double chamber centrifugal de-huller for millets, for which he was conferred with a national award. He has got three decades of teaching and research experience in the field of Food and Agricultural Process Engineering. He has published 25 international and 40 national research papers in reputed journals.
Email: nvaradharaju@yahoo.com